has also been re-envisaged as a user-friendly online platform, Cite Them Right Online which your university may subscribe to. More information, tips and advice can be found in this section.
Referencing is the process of acknowledging the sources you have used in writing your essay, assignment or piece of work.
It allows the reader to access your source documents as quickly and easily as possible in order to verify, if necessary, the validity of your arguments and the evidence on which they are based.
You identify sources by citing them in the text of your assignment (called citations or in-text citations) and referencing them at the end of your assignment (called the reference list or end-text citations).
This content was written by Richard Pears and Graham Shields, authors of Cite Them Right Top You may also come across the APA style, which is frequently used in the social sciences. This is a bit more complicated than the in-text citations, as the format depends on the source type.
Like Harvard style, APA style uses the author-date system for in-text citations. Below, we’ve given the format for and an example of the three most common source types: Book: Format: Author Last Name, First Initial.
Different subjects will cite references using different systems, but there are two main methods: For example: Footnotes are flagged in the main body of the text by a number and then the reference written in full at the bottom of the corresponding page. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors (1th ed.). Journal article: Format: Author Last Name, First Initial., & Author Last Name, First Initial. Inevitably when we come to write we pass them all off as our own.
For example: ‘…so it was thought that, “A new feeling came into existence, a sense that people had become separated from nature.”’ 1 If the quote is from a book, the citation should follow: Author surname,initial(s)/ Title of book/ (Publisher/ Place of publication)/ Page number Peck J and Coyle M, Literary Terms and Criticism, (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002), p.70 If it were a journal article, you would cite: Author surname, initial(s)/ ‘Title of article’ in Journal title/ Volume number (Issue number)/ (Year)/Page number Peck J and Coyle M, “Romantic poetry” in Literary Terms and Criticism, 4 (1) (2002), p.70 Endnotes should be referenced in exactly the same way except they are found all together at the end of a chapter or at the end of the book. There are, therefore, simple things you can do to avoid this.
This includes material or ideas from any (published or unpublished) sources, whether print, web-based (even if freely available) or audiovisual.
Using the words or ideas of others without referencing your source would be construed as plagiarism and is a very serious academic offence.
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